Ensuring Health - Canine parvovirus

Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious viral infection that first appeared “out of the blue” in 1978. a series of epidemics swept through the United States, Canada, Australia, and many European countries, causing a tremendous mortality rate. It was especially served in young puppies and spread rapidly at dog shows and in areas where dogs were housed together, such as kennels and pet stores. There is proof today that parvovirus did not exist before the 1978 epidemic.

Parvovirusis spread primarily through contact with the faces of an infected animal. A susceptible dog can become infected by ingesting less than a thousandth of a gram of infected fecal material. The virus can also be carried on the hair and feet of infected dogs, and on the shoes and clothing of people who handle them. It can contaminate cages and other objects as well.

Symptoms appear within three to twelve days and include fever, pale gums, vomiting and bloody diarrhea. The onset of the disease is sudden and may be preceded by a listlessness and loss of appetite. Death can occur in dogs of all ages, although it is more likely in young puppies.

Success is treatment depends on early and accurate diagnosis made by a veterinarian, as death can occur within consists to four days after the onset of the disease. Treatment consists of intensive fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy with antibiotics and vitamins. Several days of intensive care is often required during the crisis period.

When this deadly virus swept the country, scientists began immediately to formulate vaccines. Today, thanks to the development of an effective, vaccine, parvovirus is under control. However it is vital that puppies be vaccinated at the proper time. Many puppies are exposed and most susceptible to the virus at a time when they have too few maternal anti-bodies to protect them but too many to allow successful vaccination. Decision about how soon and how often to vaccinate therefore, must be made on an individual basis by the veterinarian in charge of the dog.

The virus causing this disease is one of the most hardy and resistant known. It can live on many surfaces at room temperature and remain infectious for twelve months or longer. It is also resistant to most disinfectants. You can help reduce contamination, though, by cleaning kennels or other areas the dog frequents with a solution of Clorox or other chlorine bleach.